This course introduces principles and mathematical models of electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Students study equivalent circuits, thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, transport phenomena, electrostatics, porous media, and phase transformations., primary batteries, rechargeable batteries, pseudocapacitors and fuel cells), and key components/materials for these devices. Sustainable energy conversion and storage. . This course illustrates the diversity of applications for secondary batteries and the main characteristics required of them in terms of storage. A module is also devoted to present. . 2Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Simulation Laboratory (LAM2SIN) Faculty of Technology, Badji Mokhtar University, P. Box 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria. Abstract—This study provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in electrochemical energy storage, including Na+-ion, metal-ion, and. . (a) Circuit for capacitor discharge (b) Relation between stored charge and time Fig3. Supercapacitor times greater than a high capacity electrolytic capacitor. In general. . Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the relationship between chemical reactions and electricity. It involves the study of the transfer of electrons between substances, which is a crucial aspect of many energy storage systems. Electrochemical reactions involve the transfer of. .