Why does 5g base station consume so much power and how to
In addition to other small modules that use electricity, the power consumption of a single 5G base station is generally around 3700 watts, which is about three times that of 4G
However, Li says 5G base stations are carrying five times the traffic as when equipped with only 4G, pushing up power consumption. The carrier is seeking subsidies from the Chinese government to help with the increased energy usage.
Although the absolute value of the power consumption of 5G base stations is increasing, their energy efficiency ratio is much lower than that of 4G stations. In other words, with the same power consumption, the network capacity of 5G will be as dozens of times larger than 4G, so the power consumption per bit is sharply reduced.
The power consumption of a single 5G station is 2.5 to 3.5 times higher than that of a single 4G station. The main factor behind this increase in 5G power consumption is the high power usage of the active antenna unit (AAU). Under a full workload, a single station uses nearly 3700W.
One of the key differences between 5G and previous generations is the need for network densification. Because 5G operates at higher frequencies, it requires a much denser network of base stations. In urban environments, this means installing 10 times more base stations per square kilometer compared to 4G.
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