National Survey Report of PV Power Applications in France 2023
Self-Consumption Trend: Nearly 40% of new PV capacity in 2023 was intended for self-consumption, marking a significant increase from previous years.
A 5% battery capacity level could ensure optimal integration of PV in Europe. The varying level of RES curtailment could be handled by 5% battery capacity. Country heterogeneity is observed in the optimal level of batteries. Batteries can ease the strong cannibalisation effect of PV plants.
Assuming the power from the PV system is entirely consumed by the building's electricity demand without considering the energy loss, the PV system can theoretically account for 33.9 % of the building's annual electricity demand.
Due to their cost reduction, battery energy storage systems have gained momentum in recent years. This paper quantified the overall system costs of 45 scenarios where battery energy storage system (BESS) penetration is linked to photovoltaic (PV) capacities.
Therefore, the integration of PV-energy storage systems can greatly reduce the dependence on the power grid, thereby facilitating more flexible regulation for building energy systems. The optimal storage capacities are determined by solving the established MILP model by CPLEX for the PV-TES system, PV-BES system, and PV-HES system.
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